Samarium CobaltMagnetMuhtasari na Maelezo:
Samarium Cobalt (SmCo) sumaku pia inaitwa nadra duniani Cobalt sumaku.Upinzani wake wa hali ya juu dhidi ya demagnetization na uthabiti bora wa halijoto hufanya sumaku ya joto ya juu ya SmCo au sumaku ya Sm2Co17 kufanya kazi kwa utulivu chini ya halijoto ya juu hadi 350°C.Kawaida hakuna mipako inahitajika.Kwa hivyo sumaku ya SmCo ni chaguo la kwanza la nyenzo za sumaku kwa programu nyingi za utendaji wa hali ya juu kama vile anga, michezo ya magari na tasnia ya magari.
| Daraja | Uingizaji wa Mabaki Br | Kulazimishwa Hcb | Ulazimishaji wa Ndani Hcj | Upeo wa Bidhaa ya Nishati (BH) max | Mch. Temp.Coef. α(Br) | Mch. Temp.Coef. β(Hcj) | Kiwango cha Juu cha Kufanya Kazi. | ||||
| T | kG | kA/m | kOe | kA/m | kOe | kJ/m3 | MGOe | %/°C | %/°C | °C | |
| sumaku za SmCo5, (SmPr)Co5, SmCo 1:5 | |||||||||||
| YX14 | 0.74-0.80 | 7.4-8.0 | 573-629 | 7.2-7.9 | >1194 | >15 | 96-119 | 12-15 | -0.04 | -0.30 | 250 |
| YX14H | 0.74-0.80 | 7.4-8.0 | 573-629 | 7.2-7.9 | >1592 | >20 | 96-119 | 12-15 | -0.04 | -0.30 | 250 |
| YX16 | 0.79-0.85 | 7.9-8.5 | 612-660 | 7.7-8.3 | >1194 | >15 | 110-135 | 14-17 | -0.04 | -0.30 | 250 |
| YX16H | 0.79-0.85 | 7.9-8.5 | 612-660 | 7.7-8.3 | >1592 | >20 | 110-135 | 14-17 | -0.04 | -0.30 | 250 |
| YX18 | 0.84-0.90 | 8.4-9.0 | 644-700 | 8.1-8.8 | >1194 | >15 | 127-151 | 16-19 | -0.04 | -0.30 | 250 |
| YX18H | 0.84-0.90 | 8.4-9.0 | 644-700 | 8.1-8.8 | >1592 | >20 | 127-151 | 16-19 | -0.04 | -0.30 | 250 |
| YX20 | 0.89-0.94 | 8.9-9.4 | 676-725 | 8.5-9.1 | >1194 | >15 | 143-167 | 18-21 | -0.04 | -0.30 | 250 |
| YX20H | 0.89-0.94 | 8.9-9.4 | 676-725 | 8.5-9.1 | >1592 | >20 | 143-167 | 18-21 | -0.04 | -0.30 | 250 |
| YX22 | 0.92-0.96 | 9.2-9.6 | 710-748 | 8.9-9.4 | >1194 | >15 | 160-183 | 20-23 | -0.04 | -0.30 | 250 |
| YX22H | 0.92-0.96 | 9.2-9.6 | 710-748 | 8.9-9.4 | >1592 | >20 | 160-183 | 20-23 | -0.04 | -0.30 | 250 |
| YX24 | 0.95-1.00 | 9.5-10.0 | 730-780 | 9.2-9.8 | >1194 | >15 | 175-199 | 22-25 | -0.04 | -0.30 | 250 |
| YX24H | 0.95-1.00 | 9.5-10.0 | 730-780 | 9.2-9.8 | >1592 | >20 | 175-199 | 22-25 | -0.04 | -0.30 | 250 |
| Sm2Co17, Sm2(CoFeCuZr)17, sumaku za SmCo 2:17 | |||||||||||
| YXG22 | 0.93-0.97 | 9.3-9.7 | 676-740 | 8.5-9.3 | >1433 | >18 | 160-183 | 20-23 | -0.03 | -0.20 | 350 |
| YXG22H | 0.93-0.97 | 9.3-9.7 | 676-740 | 8.5-9.3 | >1990 | >25 | 160-183 | 20-23 | -0.03 | -0.20 | 350 |
| YXG24 | 0.95-1.02 | 9.5-10.2 | 692-764 | 8.7-9.6 | >1433 | >18 | 175-191 | 22-24 | -0.03 | -0.20 | 350 |
| YXG24H | 0.95-1.02 | 9.5-10.2 | 692-764 | 8.7-9.6 | >1990 | >25 | 175-191 | 22-24 | -0.03 | -0.20 | 350 |
| YXG26M | 1.02-1.05 | 10.2-10.5 | 541-780 | 6.8-9.8 | 636-1433 | 8-18 | 191-207 | 24-26 | -0.03 | -0.20 | 300 |
| YXG26 | 1.02-1.05 | 10.2-10.5 | 748-796 | 9.4-10.0 | >1433 | >18 | 191-207 | 24-26 | -0.03 | -0.20 | 350 |
| YXG26H | 1.02-1.05 | 10.2-10.5 | 748-796 | 9.4-10.0 | >1990 | >25 | 191-207 | 24-26 | -0.03 | -0.20 | 350 |
| YXG28M | 1.03-1.08 | 10.3-10.8 | 541-796 | 6.8-10.0 | 636-1433 | 8-18 | 207-223 | 26-28 | -0.03 | -0.20 | 300 |
| YXG28 | 1.03-1.08 | 10.3-10.8 | 756-812 | 9.5-10.2 | >1433 | >18 | 207-223 | 26-28 | -0.03 | -0.20 | 350 |
| YXG28H | 1.03-1.08 | 10.3-10.8 | 756-812 | 9.5-10.2 | >1990 | >25 | 207-223 | 26-28 | -0.03 | -0.20 | 350 |
| YXG30M | 1.08-1.10 | 10.8-11.0 | 541-835 | 6.8-10.5 | 636-1433 | 8-18 | 223-240 | 28-30 | -0.03 | -0.20 | 300 |
| YXG30 | 1.08-1.10 | 10.8-11.0 | 788-835 | 9.9-10.5 | >1433 | >18 | 223-240 | 28-30 | -0.03 | -0.20 | 350 |
| YXG30H | 1.08-1.10 | 10.8-11.0 | 788-835 | 9.9-10.5 | >1990 | >25 | 223-240 | 28-30 | -0.03 | -0.20 | 350 |
| YXG32M | 1.10-1.13 | 11.0-11.3 | 541-844 | 6.8-10.6 | 636-1433 | 8-18 | 230-255 | 29-32 | -0.03 | -0.20 | 300 |
| YXG32 | 1.10-1.13 | 11.0-11.3 | 812-844 | 10.2-10.6 | >1433 | >18 | 230-255 | 29-32 | -0.03 | -0.20 | 350 |
| YXG32H | 1.10-1.13 | 11.0-11.3 | 812-844 | 10.2-10.6 | >1990 | >25 | 230-255 | 29-32 | -0.03 | -0.20 | 350 |
| YXG34M | 1.13-1.16 | 11.3-11.6 | 835-884 | 10.5-11.1 | 636-1433 | 8-18 | 246-270 | 31-34 | -0.03 | -0.20 | 300 |
| YXG34 | 1.13-1.16 | 11.3-11.6 | 835-884 | 10.5-11.1 | >1433 | >18 | 246-270 | 31-34 | -0.03 | -0.20 | 350 |
| YXG34H | 1.13-1.16 | 11.3-11.6 | 835-884 | 10.5-11.1 | >1990 | >25 | 246-270 | 31-34 | -0.03 | -0.20 | 350 |
| Mgawo wa Halijoto ya Chini Sm2Co17, (SmEr)2(CoTm)17, sumaku za SmCo 2:17 | |||||||||||
| YXG22LT | 0.94-0.98 | 9.4-9.8 | 668-716 | 8.4-9.0 | >1194 | >15 | 167-183 | 21-23 | -0.015 | -0.20 | 350 |
Neodymium MagnetMuhtasari na Maelezo:
Neodymium (NdFeB), Neo, au Neodymium Iron Boron sumaku ina aina mbalimbali za matumizi kama vile motors za DC zisizo na brashi, vihisi na vipaza sauti, kutokana na sifa zake bora kama vile sifa za juu za sumaku (ikiwa ni pamoja na uingizaji wa mabaki, nguvu ya kulazimisha, na bidhaa ya juu zaidi ya nishati), zaidi chaguzi za alama za sumaku na halijoto ya uendeshaji, rahisi katika uchakataji kufanya maumbo na saizi nyingi kupatikana, nk.
| Daraja | Uingizaji wa Mabaki Br | Kulazimishwa Hcb | Ulazimishaji wa Ndani Hcj | Upeo wa Bidhaa ya Nishati (BH) max | Mch. Temp.Coef. α(Br) | Mch. Temp.Coef. β(Hcj) | Kiwango cha Juu cha Kufanya Kazi. | ||||
| T | kG | kA/m | kOe | kA/m | kOe | kJ/m3 | MGOe | %/°C | %/°C | °C | |
| N35 | 1.17-1.22 | 11.7-12.2 | >868 | >10.9 | > 955 | >12 | 263-287 | 33-36 | -0.12 | -0.62 | 80 |
| N38 | 1.22-1.25 | 12.2-12.5 | >899 | >11.3 | > 955 | >12 | 287-310 | 36-39 | -0.12 | -0.62 | 80 |
| N40 | 1.25-1.28 | 12.5-12.8 | > 907 | >11.4 | > 955 | >12 | 302-326 | 38-41 | -0.12 | -0.62 | 80 |
| N42 | 1.28-1.32 | 12.8-13.2 | > 915 | >11.5 | > 955 | >12 | 318-342 | 40-43 | -0.12 | -0.62 | 80 |
| N45 | 1.32-1.38 | 13.2-13.8 | > 923 | >11.6 | > 955 | >12 | 342-366 | 43-46 | -0.12 | -0.62 | 80 |
| N48 | 1.38-1.42 | 13.8-14.2 | > 923 | >11.6 | > 955 | >12 | 366-390 | 46-49 | -0.12 | -0.62 | 80 |
| N50 | 1.40-1.45 | 14.0-14.5 | >796 | >10.0 | >876 | >11 | 382-406 | 48-51 | -0.12 | -0.62 | 80 |
| N52 | 1.43-1.48 | 14.3-14.8 | >796 | >10.0 | >876 | >11 | 398-422 | 50-53 | -0.12 | -0.62 | 80 |
| N33M | 1.13-1.17 | 11.3-11.7 | >836 | >10.5 | >1114 | >14 | 247-263 | 31-33 | -0.11 | -0.60 | 100 |
| N35M | 1.17-1.22 | 11.7-12.2 | >868 | >10.9 | >1114 | >14 | 263-287 | 33-36 | -0.11 | -0.60 | 100 |
| N38M | 1.22-1.25 | 12.2-12.5 | >899 | >11.3 | >1114 | >14 | 287-310 | 36-39 | -0.11 | -0.60 | 100 |
| N40M | 1.25-1.28 | 12.5-12.8 | > 923 | >11.6 | >1114 | >14 | 302-326 | 38-41 | -0.11 | -0.60 | 100 |
| N42M | 1.28-1.32 | 12.8-13.2 | > 955 | >12.0 | >1114 | >14 | 318-342 | 40-43 | -0.11 | -0.60 | 100 |
| N45M | 1.32-1.38 | 13.2-13.8 | >995 | >12.5 | >1114 | >14 | 342-366 | 43-46 | -0.11 | -0.60 | 100 |
| N48M | 1.36-1.43 | 13.6-14.3 | >1027 | >12.9 | >1114 | >14 | 366-390 | 46-49 | -0.11 | -0.60 | 100 |
| N50M | 1.40-1.45 | 14.0-14.5 | >1033 | >13.0 | >1114 | >14 | 382-406 | 48-51 | -0.11 | -0.60 | 100 |
| N33H | 1.13-1.17 | 11.3-11.7 | >836 | >10.5 | >1353 | >17 | 247-263 | 31-33 | -0.11 | -0.58 | 120 |
| N35H | 1.17-1.22 | 11.7-12.2 | >868 | >10.9 | >1353 | >17 | 263-287 | 33-36 | -0.11 | -0.58 | 120 |
| N38H | 1.22-1.25 | 12.2-12.5 | >899 | >11.3 | >1353 | >17 | 287-310 | 36-39 | -0.11 | -0.58 | 120 |
| N40H | 1.25-1.28 | 12.5-12.8 | > 923 | >11.6 | >1353 | >17 | 302-326 | 38-41 | -0.11 | -0.58 | 120 |
| N42H | 1.28-1.32 | 12.8-13.2 | > 955 | >12.0 | >1353 | >17 | 318-342 | 40-43 | -0.11 | -0.58 | 120 |
| N45H | 1.32-1.36 | 13.2-13.6 | > 963 | >12.1 | >1353 | >17 | 326-358 | 43-46 | -0.11 | -0.58 | 120 |
| N48H | 1.36-1.43 | 13.6-14.3 | >995 | >12.5 | >1353 | >17 | 366-390 | 46-49 | -0.11 | -0.58 | 120 |
| N33SH | 1.13-1.17 | 11.3-11.7 | >844 | >10.6 | >1592 | >20 | 247-263 | 31-33 | -0.11 | -0.55 | 150 |
| N35SH | 1.17-1.22 | 11.7-12.2 | >876 | >11.0 | >1592 | >20 | 263-287 | 33-36 | -0.11 | -0.55 | 150 |
| N38SH | 1.22-1.25 | 12.2-12.5 | > 907 | >11.4 | >1592 | >20 | 287-310 | 36-39 | -0.11 | -0.55 | 150 |
| N40SH | 1.25-1.28 | 12.5-12.8 | > 939 | >11.8 | >1592 | >20 | 302-326 | 38-41 | -0.11 | -0.55 | 150 |
| N42SH | 1.28-1.32 | 12.8-13.2 | >987 | >12.4 | >1592 | >20 | 318-342 | 40-43 | -0.11 | -0.55 | 150 |
| N45SH | 1.32-1.38 | 13.2-13.8 | >1003 | >12.6 | >1592 | >20 | 342-366 | 43-46 | -0.11 | -0.55 | 150 |
| N28UH | 1.02-1.08 | 10.2-10.8 | > 764 | >9.6 | >1990 | >25 | 207-231 | 26-29 | -0.10 | -0.55 | 180 |
| N30UH | 1.08-1.13 | 10.8-11.3 | >812 | >10.2 | >1990 | >25 | 223-247 | 28-31 | -0.10 | -0.55 | 180 |
| N33UH | 1.13-1.17 | 11.3-11.7 | >852 | >10.7 | >1990 | >25 | 247-271 | 31-34 | -0.10 | -0.55 | 180 |
| N35UH | 1.17-1.22 | 11.7-12.2 | >860 | >10.8 | >1990 | >25 | 263-287 | 33-36 | -0.10 | -0.55 | 180 |
| N38UH | 1.22-1.25 | 12.2-12.5 | >876 | >11.0 | >1990 | >25 | 287-310 | 36-39 | -0.10 | -0.55 | 180 |
| N40UH | 1.25-1.28 | 12.5-12.8 | >899 | >11.3 | >1990 | >25 | 302-326 | 38-41 | -0.10 | -0.55 | 180 |
| N28EH | 1.04-1.09 | 10.4-10.9 | > 780 | >9.8 | >2388 | >30 | 207-231 | 26-29 | -0.10 | -0.55 | 200 |
| N30EH | 1.08-1.13 | 10.8-11.3 | >812 | >10.2 | >2388 | >30 | 223-247 | 28-31 | -0.10 | -0.55 | 200 |
| N33EH | 1.13-1.17 | 11.3-11.7 | >836 | >10.5 | >2388 | >30 | 247-271 | 31-34 | -0.10 | -0.55 | 200 |
| N35EH | 1.17-1.22 | 11.7-12.2 | >876 | >11.0 | >2388 | >30 | 263-287 | 33-36 | -0.10 | -0.55 | 200 |
| N38EH | 1.22-1.25 | 12.2-12.5 | >899 | >11.3 | >2388 | >30 | 287-310 | 36-39 | -0.10 | -0.55 | 200 |
| N28AH | 1.04-1.09 | 10.4-10.9 | >787 | >9.9 | >2785 | >35 | 207-231 | 26-29 | -0.10 | -0.47 | 230 |
| N30AH | 1.08-1.13 | 10.8-11.3 | >819 | >10.3 | >2785 | >35 | 223-247 | 28-31 | -0.10 | -0.47 | 230 |
| N33AH | 1.13-1.17 | 11.3-11.7 | >843 | >10.6 | >2785 | >35 | 247-271 | 31-34 | -0.10 | -0.47 | 230 |
UsoUwekaji wa Sumaku:
| Mipako | Safu ya mipako | Rangi | Unene wa Kawaida µm | SST Saa | PCT Saa | Joto la Kufanya kazi. °C | Mali | Maombi ya Kawaida |
| Nickel | Ni+Cu+Ni, Ni+Ni | Fedha Mkali | 10-20 | >24-72 | >24-72 | <200 | Inatumika zaidi | Sumaku za viwanda |
| Zinki ya Bluu Nyeupe | Zn | Bluu Nyeupe | 8-15 | >16-48 | >12 | <160 | Nyembamba na nafuu | Sumaku za magari ya umeme |
| Rangi ya Zinki | 3+Cr Rangi Zn | Rangi Mkali | 5-10 | >36-72 | >12 | <160 | Nyembamba na kujitoa nzuri | Sumaku za Spika |
| Nickel ya Kemikali | Ni+Kemikali Ni | Fedha Iliyokolea | 10-20 | >24-72 | >16 | <200 | Unene wa sare | Elektroniki |
| Epoksi | Epoksi, Zn+Epoksi | Nyeusi / Kijivu | 10-25 | > 96 | > 48 | <130 | Laini na upinzani mzuri wa kutu | Magari |
| NiCuEpoxy | Ni+Cu+Epoxy | Nyeusi / Kijivu | 15-30 | >72-108 | > 48 | <120 | Laini na upinzani mzuri wa kutu | Linear motor sumaku |
| Phosphating | Phosphating | Kijivu Mwanga | 1-3 | —- | —- | <240 | Ulinzi wa Muda | Sumaku za magari ya umeme |
| Kusisimka | Kusisimka | Kijivu Mwanga | 1-3 | —- | —- | <240 | Ulinzi wa Muda | Servo motor sumaku |
| Parylene | Parylene | Wazi | 3-10 | >24 | —- | <150 | Tensile, mwanga na kuegemea juu | Jeshi, Anga |
| Mpira | Mpira | Nyeusi | 500 | >72-108 | —- | <130 | Mkwaruzo mzuri na upinzani wa kutu | Kushikilia sumaku |
Usalama wa Sumaku:
Sumaku adimu za dunia au mifumo ya sumaku ina nguvu nyingi sana, kwa hivyo tahadhari za usalama zilizo hapa chini lazima zifahamike kwa wafanyakazi wote ambao wanaweza kuzitumia, kuzishika au kuzichakata ili kuepusha majeraha ya kibinafsi au uharibifu wa sumaku.
Hakikisha kuwa sumaku adimu za sumaku zinadhibitiwa zinapogusana au nyenzo za ferromagnetic.Ni muhimu kuvaa glasi za usalama na vifaa vingine vya kinga vinavyofaa wakati wa kushughulikia sumaku kubwa.Kuvaa glavu kulinda mikono ya mtu pia kunapendekezwa.
Weka metali za ferromagnetic mbali na eneo la kazi.Kuwa mwangalifu unapofanya kazi na sumaku.Usifanye kazi na sumaku zenye sumaku ikiwa umekunywa pombe, dawa za kulevya au vitu vinavyodhibitiwa.
Vyombo na vifaa nyeti vya kielektroniki vinaweza kubadilisha urekebishaji au kuharibiwa na uga wenye nguvu wa sumaku.Daima weka sumaku zenye sumaku umbali salama kutoka kwa ala nyeti za kielektroniki.Tahadhari maalum inapaswa kutekelezwa ikiwa mtu amevaa pacemaker, kwa sababu sehemu zenye nguvu za sumaku zinaweza kuharibu vifaa vya elektroniki vilivyo ndani ya visaidia moyo.
Kamwe usimeza sumaku au kuweka sumaku mahali ambapo watoto au watu wazima walio na matatizo ya akili wanaweza kufikia.Ikiwa sumaku zimemezwa, wasiliana na daktari mara moja na/au utafute matibabu ya haraka.
Sumaku adimu za ardhi zinaweza kuunda cheche kupitia mguso katika kushughulikia, haswa zinaporuhusiwa kuathiri pamoja.Usiwahi kushughulikia sumaku adimu za ardhi katika angahewa zinazolipuka kwa sababu cheche zinaweza kuwasha angahewa hiyo.
Poda ya udongo adimu inaweza kuwaka;mwako wa hiari unaweza kutokea wakati unga umekauka.Ikiwa unasaga, saga sumaku kila wakati ili kuzuia mwako wa hiari wa swarf ya kusaga.Kamwe kavu saga.Hakikisha kuwa na uingizaji hewa wa kutosha wakati wa kusaga sumaku.Usijaribu kutengeneza sumaku za mashine kwa kutumia zana za kawaida, kwani hii inaweza kutoa chipping na kuvunjika.Vaa miwani ya usalama kila wakati.
Hifadhi poda ya udongo adimu kila wakati au punje ya kusaga katika vyombo vilivyojaa maji au angahewa ajizi iliyozibwa ili kuzuia mwako unaojitokeza.
Daima tupa poda ya udongo adimu kwa uangalifu.Usihatarishe moto.Kutupa sumaku zenye sumaku lazima kufanyike ili kuzuia kuumia wakati wa kushughulikia.